Russia has increased naphtha export flows to ship-to-ship transfers (STS) and port storage hubs as key buyers scale back imports under the pressure of Western sanctions, traders
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Key findings In September 2025, Russia''s monthly fossil fuel export revenues saw a 4% month-on-month decline to EUR 546 million (mn) per day — the lowest they have been since the full
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Among individual countries, China was the top destination for Russian crude oil and condensate exports in 2021, receiving nearly 30% of the total. Second and third place went to the
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New measures from the United States and European Union confirm why Russian energy exports were always a double-edged sword.
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The paradox of Russia''s export resilience to sanctions is largely explained by a broad surge in prices for key commodities – metals, minerals, energy products, agricultural raw materials,
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country''s well-known fossil fuel reserves, production, and exports. Rosatom, the Russian state nuclear energy firm, dominates global nuclear reactor exports (70%), holds the largest market shar.
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In the wake of Russian invasion of Ukraine, Russia''s role in the EU energy market has collapsed. Due to EU sanctions, Russia''s weaponization of gas supplies, and the sabotage of the Nord Stream
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Western Siberia is the main production region for crude oil and condensate in Russia, and upstream oil developments in Russia have primarily been onshore fields in northern areas of the
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Russia''s energy strategy has prioritized self-sufficiency in gasoline, so it tends to export minimal volumes. However, Russian refiners produce roughly double the diesel needed to satisfy
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Russian energy sector and economy. Vitaly Yermakov, James Henderson and Richard Connolly have contributed sections on the future of the Russian oil and gas industry, the outlook for oil and gas
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